empire of India

[chimera]

Of course , the Europeans invaded and looted their way across the planet . India didn't.  But Hindu-Buddhism was adopted by much of SE Asia when Indian traders built trading towns , seaports and and temples. The correct opinion is that Aboriginal people in Australia arrived 40000 years ago or any number you think of. Untouched by foreigners they were isolated and the 'Dreaming' is the ancient religion. Nothing happened until Portuguese /Spanish /Dutch ships and Indonesian fishing boats came to the northern coast from 500 years ago.

So the date of 800 years for this sword is "impossible" in normal history. Bourke is 400 miles from east Australia , 1000 miles from the north.

Catalyst: Toorale Man murder mystery - ABC TV Science
www.abc.net.au/catalyst/stories/4211835.htm

Apr 7, 2015 - ... Toorale Man appear similar to those on gladiators in Imperial Rome.

[chimera]

The first king of Kediri in Java to leave historical records was Çāstaprabhu(1104–1115). In his inscription dated 1104, like predecessor Airlangga, he claimed himself to be the incarnation or Avatar of god Vishnu. King Kertajaya " judge. victory" (1200-1222) asked his Hindu and Buddhist priests to worship him as Shiva. They rebelled and Ken Arok attacked causing Kertajaya to "disappear without trace", " went to devalaya "land of gods" ".( Coedes 1968). Kertajaya's navy and merchant fleets had been sailing to west Papua. Ken Arok was murdered and succeeded by Kertanagara "judge. country" a Tantric Buddhist as was Kertajaya.
In east Australia , Bundjalung people remember that a boat arrived from Ngareenbil "overseas islands" . It means "your beloved countryman" ( naragane beli) in Old Javanese.( 800-1300 CE).

A legendary woman, Dirrahngan blocked the Clarence river where the boat arrived and was swept down it clinging on to a fig-tree after a mountain was broken . Old Javanese diri : " remain standing , reign, surpassing all others . Indonesian. angan: "notion". diri-anggota : " government by-election."  So it seems to mean " reign. by choice".   The legend resembles the Darangan legend of Maranao Philippines  of before 14th century and where Indonesians were gold-mining in 10-13th century. She was swept down a mountain hanging onto bamboo  . The Philippines legend about Darangan contains a body of ethical behaviour and customary laws which compares with the pejorative terms against Dirahngan. Maranao is "people of the lake"  in Philippines compared with Maranoa "running waters" of southwest Qld. Australia on the river heading west from the Clarence river.

[chimera]

In southern Australia , the words "duta , durt and dyte" mean "star" as in Old Javanese dyuti "heavenly body" Sanskrit dyuti "shining" .

The "powerful, ever watchful creator of the world", named Bunjil the eagle-man gazed down upon his people and saw their wrong doing. Awaiting their return, with a mighty crash of thunder, he hurled down a star to destroy them . Where the star struck created a gorge in which much of the town today is located. Bunjil's people remembered the spot, and referred to it as Warrandyte, "that which is thrown".

"Muruwari " means, 'to fall (warri) with a fighting club (murru) in one's hand'


Old Javanese language :

maraṇa, from Skt maraṇa," the act of dying; , killing, death; "

waragaṅ " a kind of warrior.: youthful champions in the forefront of battle.

warawīrya " (Skt) great courage; brave, noble ".



So Warrandyte seems to be "the warrior. star". Like Zeus / Jupiter "shining ( star)" , Bunjil is identified with the eagle , the planet Jupiter and star Aquila "eagle" and throws thunderous shining power.

Americans have the eagle of Jupiter with arrows but Australia had it before the US.

[sparklekaz]

Hi Chimera,

Welcome to the forum.

Without any kind of introduction, explaining in context, why you are sharing these posts, it is confusing and difficult to enter into any kind of discussion with you about them. Can you explain for clarity, the purpose of the posts you sharing.

Love and light
Kaz

[chimera]

hi sparklekaz
I was hoping that some reader would understand the point. Being a spiritual forum and all. I had intended to stop with 3 posts if no-one connected . No-one has connected.

[sparklekaz]

Hi Chimera,

It is customary when starting a post, to give some kind of introduction to the topic by way of an explanation as to your purpose for posting it. If for no other reason but to convey to the reader, why you had written it, and what kind of response, if any, you hoped for. To simply post a block of information, without giving it a context to view it through, is confusing. You say, no one has connected to you. I have to say, that does not surprise me; For the reasons I have stated above. How are they to know, what kind of a response you want, when you have not made it clear what it is connected to?

We are a spiritual group, but you must understand that we are all belief forum; as well as having members who are more interested in other aspects of spirituality, i.e. self understanding, personal growth; who do not adhere to any particular religious belief. Our membership is worldwide, from different cultures and backgrounds. Who enjoy learning about the beliefs and thoughts of others with regard to their spirituality. For this reason, please do not 'assume' that 'everyone' will understand what you are talking about. Even if some people were able to recognize the terms and words you use, taken on its own it has no meaning, and sounds completely random. If you want to connect with other people, or enter into a meaningful dialogue with them, you must start making your intent, and the subject you wish to discuss, more apparent.

Love and light

Kaz

[gruntal]

Growing up with the Christian religion and the Judeo-Christian heritage and reading the King James version of the Bible I tend to understand now quite a lot of metaphors surrounding that. Indeed I at some level am probably quite arrogant in interpreting those things to match my level of understanding and awareness. Outside of that thought it is hard to connect. Even the "Lord's Prayer" - as simple as it is - can have so many levels of truth depending on how you translate it. Just one word out of place or inserted where it originally belongs can change the meaning of everything.

Elephants and dragons and lotus flowers make me stumble ..

It is not so much we are not interested as it is we stare at things not familiar and we just don't go very far. I have the same problem when I babble about the Great Pyramid of Giza. It is a LONG story and who even knows where to start?

[krsnaraja]

I really do love this forum. Even if posts like mine and yours do not connect.   It`s a great equalizer to be here. Sparkle Kaz, Gruntal, Donq, Mojo, Chimera etc. If we agree to disagree it`s alright with me. What is important is we communicate even if the message is in Chinese. It does not really matter. Presence is very important. Just by being part of the discussion however small, to me, it`s huge enough. Getting together as friends, sharing each other what our experiences and knowing is the foundation we continue help build this site for her to grow. What`s the use posting so many threads that are quite interesting and yet devoid of people and viewers devoting their time to contribute? All I can say is that  I have come to love you guys. I will  pray for you and your family`s safety, happiness, and prosperity. Please pray for me, too.  After all I have said. Here`s a bottle of ice-cold San Miguel Beer to all. Cheers. 

[chimera]

OK  very good  my stuff is probably "foreign" in several ways. Surprisingly , even when I give facts about Indonesian language being part-Sanskrit , some people ( Uni lecturer in Celtic studies for example ) refuse to understand.   What I have posted is factual - that Aboriginal Australians are viewed ( by themselves and researchers) as having lived in isolation since for ever and ever Amen.

Indian culture from 2100 years ago spread to Vietnam and even across the border into south China , to Philippines and influenced Tahiti and New Zealand Maoris.   And the pagoda buildings came from India to China as did Buddhism . 

So it's probable that the Indian traditions touched Australia - which is definitely a politically incorrect     thing to say in Oz.  Which is understandable when Aboriginal people struggle for self-worth and recognition of land rights. Roman Christianity was respectable in Roman Britain . Indian culture is bad news for minority , suppressed de-tribalised non-Saxons being compelled to be Anglo-Irish consumer Christians but who assert their pristine antiquity.  On the other hand maybe the Indo European nature of the Indian influences could increase mainstream comprehension of Aboriginal life and give it a recognisable context.     Anyway , I serve Truth , Justice, Integrity and toast with marmalade .

Any questions..

[krsnaraja]

Hello, Chimera. Yo take my breathe away. & I do not know what to say from the lyrics of a song. You mentioned Philippines. So, my two cents worth of Philippine history. That before we were colonized by Spain, we already have a culture, Visayan. We were branded by the Spaniards as pagans. For believing in Bathala? A child God name Krishna? When Ferdinand Magellan gifted the Queen of Cebu ( a Visayan island ) she and her people readily accepted the Holy Child of Jesus because the image had similarities to Bathala. The only difference is that the image whom historians call Sr Sto Nino of Cebu given by Spain to the Queen of Cebu Juana is white. Bathala is black. Does this ring a bell to you? The White Child Jesus is Balaram, the elder brother of Krishna. While the latter is the black Child God Bathala. Hinduism is Krishna and Catholicism is Balaram. I have been doing research on this since 1986.



Matthew 7:24-25



Build Your House on the Rock



24 “Everyone then who hears these words of mine and does them will be like a wise man who built his house on the rock. 25 And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house, but it did not fall, because it had been founded on the rock.”

[chimera]

Hi krsnraja
Yes Bathala seems to be Batara Guru of Indonesia . He was the father of Indra and would be Dyauspita "sky father". That is Dieuspata , Zeus /Jupiter.

Indra  "rain-maker' was involved with Danu "bountiful giver" ( the Danube , Dnieper, Dneister and Don rivers in Europe) and the water-goddess Danu of Bali ,  Indonesian danau "lake". Danao city in Philippines is  danawan, a local word meaning “shallow lagoon”. ( Sanskrit wana  "forest. wilderness").  Danu may be Dana of Ireland with Bo-ann "goddess of white cows" (of  Boyne river ) and Danu was like cows by a river .

In east Australia, Goonda Dani Bulu  made the Brisbane river and plunged down into the waters. ( goonda "travelling workers" in India ; bulu is the spirit underworld in Fiji).  

Nya-Indooroopilly means "gully of leaches" on that river. Indonesian /Malay pellus "freshwater eel".( Malay Inderah : Indra). Indra causes water-flows and Indragopa are insects that come out after rain of Indra.

Could you explain how the word Balaram is used ? Does it mean "strong"  or some other idea?

[krsnaraja]

Balarama (Sanskrit: Balarāma), also known as Baladeva, Balabhadra and Halayudha, is the elder brother of Krishna (an avatar of the god Vishnu) and is regarded generally as an avatar of Shesha. He is also sometimes considered as the Sankarshana form of Vishnu and the eighth avatar of Vishnu.


Birth and origin

Balarama was a son of Vasudeva. The evil king Kansa, the brother of Devaki, was intent upon killing the children of his sister because of a prediction that he would die at the hands of her eighth son.

Vishnu then impregnated the belly of the goddess Devaki with two strands of hair, one black, one white. To ensure their safety, their essence was transferred before birth to Rohini, who also desired a child. At birth, Krishna had a darker complexion, while Balarama was born fair. The other name of Balarama is Sankarshana, meaning a spirit transferred between two wombs. According to Bhagavata Purana, the name Sankarshana means, "one who brings together two different families" of King Yadu's and King Nanda's dynasties.


He was named Rama, but because of his great strength he was called Balarama, Baladeva, or Balabhadra, meaning "Strong Rama." He was born under Shravana nakshatra on Shraavana Purnima, or Raksha Bandhan.

[chimera]

Good. Bala as "strong" was used in the Hebrew Bible as baal  "husband . owner"  for the Philistine Baal and for Israel's " Husband ", G-d ( as the Jews write it) .. Indra's son was Balin a strong warrior.   Ringbalin is the Aboriginal ceremony walking along the Darling river in the steps of the river-creating warrior Ngurunderi . Old Javanese negarane diri  is  " . of the country's. reign".  Sanskrit  ring balin means "moving slowly. warrior". In Old Javanese ringit is  " swaying" like the wayang puppets , suggesting a tribal dance .

  riṅga    "decoration; adorned ".
 riṅgĕk  " moving and turning to this side and that ".
riṅgit  " figure, wayang figure, wayang performance ".

 The Darling river was Barka indji . Sanskrit bhaga induja " beautiful . flowing" perhaps from the same idea as Indra "drop of water". Here's the dance:

Ringbalin - Dancing The River – Ananguku Arts
www.anangukuarts.com.au/about/Projects/p4070.aspx

Ringbalin. Ringbalin is a multi-arts project which takes place along the Murray-Darling River, from Queensland to South Australia, connecting Indigenous ...

[sparklekaz]

Hi Chimera,

That is much better

And as you can see immediately you get the response you were hoping for. I meant no criticism to you, just wanted you to get the most out of your interactions and enjoyment of the forum.

Thank you to Gruntal and krsnaraja for your comments, they were very helpful. And I agree, we will not all 'get' what the other is trying to say, or have the same interest, but that does not matter. What is important, is that we respect each others viewpoints and interests. Our over riding motivation here is to share, with truth and love in the spirit of friendship.

Love and light
Kaz

[chimera]

I think sparklekaz just gave me a sparkle.

Dr krsnaraja were you able to see this display in Philippines ?

PH to showcase pre-colonial gold treasures in New York ...

business.inquirer.net/.../ph-to-showcase-pre-colonial-gold-treasures-in-ne...




Aug 7, 2015 -

The exhibit, titled “Philippine Gold: Treasures of Forgotten Kingdoms,” will include golden necklaces, chains, waistbands, bangles, ritual bowls, implements, ceremonial weapons and other artifacts dated between the 10th and 13th centuries.




This exhibition is of great importance because it demonstrates to the international community, and to everyone at home, that the Philippines had a sophisticated culture before contact with the West; that we had close ties with the Hindu-Buddhist cultures of Southeast Asia and the Asian mainland; that our precolonial culture was actually very similar to those of our Hindu-Buddhist neighbors before Westernization, and that we were actively engaged in international maritime trade with other Asians. The superior quality of the gold ornaments also dispels the Western stereotype of precolonial Filipinos as ignorant and primitive before Spanish and American intervention."

. .One statue, a "Golden Tara", a 4-pound gold statue of a Hindu-Malayan goddess, was found in Mindanao in 1917. The statue, denoted the Agusan Image, is now in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. The image is that of a Hindu-Malayan female deity, seated cross-legged. It is made of "twenty-one carat gold and weighs nearly four pounds." It has a richly ornamented headdress and many ornaments in the arms and other parts of the body. Scholars date it to the late 13th or early 14th century. It was made by local artists, perhaps copying from an imported Javanese model. The gold was used from this area, since Javanese miners were known to have been engaged in gold mining in Butuan at this time.

krsnaraja gets a sparkle also..

[krsnaraja]

My dear Chimera, 

Thanks for confirming for what I always knew. People in my place find my reports unbelievable up to this day. I am a voice in the wilderness, so to speak. Kept telling them Filipino culture is deeply rooted in Hinduism and Buddhism. There were already Chinese and Indian settlers in the Visayas and Mindanao. & Cebu island being the R & R haven for maritime traders from the fareast. Spanish colonizers represented by Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan when they came to the shores of Cebu made friends with the Cebuano natives there by gifting the Queen of Cebu the image of the Holy Child Jesus of Prague. Which was readily accepted because the icon resembled the features of Bathala, meaning Bat ( Child ) and Hala ( God ). In other words, we Cebuanos already worshiped God in the form of a Child. Whom I firmly believe is Krishna. The Holy Child Jesus of Prague given to the Queen of Cebu represents Balaram, the elder brother of Krishna. The white and black God Child images are the white and black Sr Sto Nino of Cebu. Catholicism is Christianity attempting to reconcile with Hinduism-Buddhism through these holy images. Protestants do not believe in images of God but Hindu and Buddhist do. 

As for Sparkle Kaz, she is not only very pretty but very beautiful from within. I can never find a forum moderator like her. Very well informed, very spiritual, kind , understanding and very loving.. She has this gift of communicating with you in the heart. If Sparkle Kaz focuses her mind  on you. You can receive and intensely feel it even if she's so far away.    

Very truly yours, 

Dr Krsnaraja

[chimera]

You began your inquiry in 1986 , I began in 1997 and get much the same disbelief as you even when facts are facts. Somehow it makes me continue looking. So Javanese gold-miners went to Mindanao . Australian gold-rushes began in 1851 near Melbourne at Warrandyte. The local legend says that Bunjil the man-eagle and creator was the star Altair in Aquila and his camp-fire is planet Jupiter ( named "Bunjil"). He threw down a star at his people and warren is "throwing" , dyte "thing that is thrown". In nearby languages duta / durt is "star" . Old Javanese dyuti "heavenly body" , Skt "shining" as in Dyaus pati , Zeus Jupiter. As the gold there in 1851 was lying on the ground it may be that it was explained as being the shattered star of Bunjil.

Garuda is the Indonesian eagle which carries Vishnu and is Aquila stars "the eagle". Batara Guru is planet Jupiter. Zeus was a man-eagle of planet Jupiter and Aquila star like god Jupiter who had an eagle with lightning bolts. Aquilifer were the Roman soldiers who carried the eagle banner of the army. Bali has a large statue of Garuda eagle and Melbourne has one of Bunjil eagle .

Bunjil - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunjil

In Australian Aboriginal mythology, Bunjil the eagle (or eaglehawk) is a creator deity, culture ... Crow opened a bag in which he kept his whirlwinds, creating a cyclone which uprooted trees. ... A Bunurong story tells of a time of conflict among the Kulin nations, when people argued and fought with one another, neglecting ...

[gruntal]

That reminds me: it is possible I am actually Kosher and from the Lost Tribe of Israel. I have a few "leads" I have not yet pursued. This would have branched off so many years ago any ethnic resemblance to me and modern Jewry would not be a reliable indication. Even at that there are biological inheritances and arcane ones much harder to trace. Sometimes we are mixed up with out worst nightmares in more ways then one and sort of have a kinship with the devil.

Some times we have strange attractions and sometimes even stranger aversions!

[chimera]

Hullo gruntal
It's not clear where you are going , a bit ambiguous. Words have various aspects and ancient Israel could be a person's ancestry . Or not. Could you expand? Do you say the Indian cultures in Asia are uncertain in history and language ?

[krsnaraja]

Hello, Chimera and Gruntal. If you don`t mind please permit me to copy and paste the letter from Vedic scholar Bhakti Ananda Goswami. I think it`s related to the topic. 

Balarama-Charaka as Jesus Christ – A Summary A Letter Written to an Ayurvedic Scholar

Posted on November 7, 2010 by Collected Works of Sri Bhakti Ananda Goswami


Namaste !



My name is Bhakti Ananda Goswami. I am a Vaishnava sannyasi and an historian of religion. My 30+ year study of bhakti traditions has led me to the conclusion that the late dominant devotional tradition of the Mediterranean region, for at least 300 years before the advent of Jesus Christ, was the worship of Balarama-Shesha (Semitic Yahu-Baal as Nachash/Naga/Seraph) as the Great Physician Asclepius (Serapis in Egypt). The entire Proto Catholic Heliopolitan Asyla Federation of Alexandria was centered on the unified systematized theology of Serapis. Jews were full members of the Serapean alliances/federations from age to age. This is why, for instance, the Greek version of their scriptures ( Septuagint and Apocrypha) was translated by the Jewish Elders AT THE TEMPLE OF SERAPIS IN ALEXANDRIA !



The regional medical tradition, from the Greek Hippocrates to the Roman Galen was the initiated order of the Asclepiadae, associated with the Theraputae, Nazarites, Essenes, and other ascetic schools in Judaism. These, like the Pythagoreans, Platonists, and Orphics, were all monotheists who worshipped Helios and His ‘Son’ Asclepius. Socrates etc. condemned the corrupt Homeric gross material polytheism and mere ‘heroic’ idea of Asclepius as blasphemous and was sentenced to death for it. His last words were an offering to his GOD Asclepius. The stories of Jesus Christ and the Theology of Jesus as the Second Person of the Triune Godhead are all part of Proto-Catholic Serapean Alliance doctrine. Just as pre-Jesus Judaism in Egypt was centered at the Serapeum in Alexandria, so too Jesus Christ’s devotion (as the Incarnation of Serapis-Charaka) first developed at the Serapeum there. The systematized theology of the Proto-Catholic Serapean Asyla Federations evolved into Coptic Catholicism at Alexandria.



Helios was not originally the mundane solar demigod worshipped by the Homeric polytheists. He was the Supreme Transcendent, Emanating / Incarnating, and Immanent Personality of Godhead worshipped by all the regional monotheists. His center of devotion in the Mediterranean region was the sacred Rose or Lotus Isle of Rhoda, His feminine Shekinah / Hladini SHAKTI. On Rhodes, Helios ( the Jewish Deity Eli-Yahu, Egyptian Heri-Asu and Sanskrit Hari-Vasudeva/Vishnu), was worshipped in His original Form as Kouros (Krishna) with His Tyche-Fortuna (Lakshmi) called Rhoda (RADHA), Nymphia ( = lotus=PADME, SRI or LAKSHMI) or Asteria/Astara (=STAR=ASTRAYA=TARA). She was also called Hekate/Hexad (Sri Yantra is a Hexad) in Greek and Sekhet in Egyptian. As the Beloved of the Jewish Deity Eli-Yahu She was called Shekinah. These are all SHAKTI names. As the Lunar ‘Star of the Sea’ She was ROHINI / LUCHINA, as Stella MARIS / MARINA / MIRIAM / MARY She was NARI NARAYANI, as IASAS / JESUS- BEARER She was YASO-DHA, and as the effulgent energy of Godhead She was CORONIS / HARINI. As the Queen of Heaven She was BASILEA / VASUDEVI. There are dozens of other connections between the theology of Mary the ‘Mystical Rose’ / Rhoda and that of Radha as the Origin of all Shakti forms in Hinduism.



On Rhodes, Kouros and Rhoda were worshipped with the original Hierophant and Master of their Mysteries, Dionysos-Baal, the Seraphic Nachash NAGA Deity, Savior of all worlds. This was the Vaishnava Balarama as DEVA-NYASA (God of initiation or anointing) the Ayur Vedic SHESHA NAGA medical Deity. Dionysos-Baal had been worshipped from time immemorial as the Great Physician. In the Heliopolitan Monotheistic alliances He was considered the Second Person of the Godhead and Source of all further masculine Manifestations of the Deity. In Egypt He was called Asu or Wasu (Hebrew YAHU, Sanskrit VASU Deva / VISHNU). Asu was called OSIRIS by the Greeks and Romans. It is the DEITY OSIRIS Who in the Late Classical Period is worshipped as SERAPIS-ASKLEPIUS and Whose Incarnation as JESUS CHRIST historically summed-up the regional inter-racial Heliopolitan Monotheism which we know of today as Catholicism.



Thus, in conclusion, Eastern oral traditions about Balarama as the Medical Shesha Naga, Savior, Master of the Mysteries of Radha and Krishna, Source of Vishnu or Purusha Manifestations etc. and later associations of Balarama with the wandering mendicant healer Charaka are all associated theologically and historically with the Rhoda and Kouros-centric Heliopolitan Monotheism of the Mediterranean Region, and through that Monotheism to Catholicism. Since the cultus on Rhodes was prehistoric, and at the dawn of history there were already legends connecting the religion there with Indo-European, Afro-Egyptian and Semitic cultures, it is clear that this tradition is the common heritage of all humanity, not just the people of India. The history of medicine is an extremely important field of research for evidence of this primal human culture. The LILA Incarnation-story of Asclepius is that He would appear as the Virgin-born Son of Helios (ELI-YAHU). However we need to collect and look at the entire regional and global history of the Great Physician medical tradition to appreciate WHO JESUS-SERAPIS-CHARAKA WAS AND IS. I am trying to collect ancient source materials on the Deity associated with this ancient global medical tradition. I will eventually make this information available for free on my web site (under construction now).



If you have anything to add to this body of knowledge, any facts, legends, or source works on Anantadeva, Dhanvantari, Charaka as the Court Physician or Deity or school, the Nagakal (Caduceus) as a medical votive offering to Shesha-Balarama …anything, please let me know.



May the Lord and Our Divine Mother bless you in your ministry to the suffering jivas, Hare Krishna, Sri Ananta-Baladeva-Charaka-Yashas Ki Jaya !

[chimera]

There is a report about Australian eucalyptus oil being found in Egyptian and Jordanian embalmed mummies but there's no reliable reference. However the early use of spice from Indonesia is reliable.

" Remains of a nutmeg have been found at Khadirah in eastern Uttar Pradesh of the Sarayu (or Ghaghra) river, a tributary of the Ganges. The carbonized nutmeg was ..(700-200 BCE) and was discovered together with remains of other medicinally valuable plants ."

From mouth fresheners to erotic perfumes - Open Journal ...
bjournals.ub.rug.nl/ejim/article/download/505/386

by TJ Zumbroich -

----------------------

[krsnaraja]

In the beginning there was only a Pangaea, an ancient supercontinent & on it rose the empire of India.

[chimera]

Tibet has bits of Australia.

"By about 150 Ma the coastline of Antarctica was close to the South Pole. From the northeast margin of Gondwana slivers of continental crust in the area of Australia's Northwest Shelf, and the New Guinea region, then the eastern tip of Gondwana, are believed to have been rifted to the northwest, beginning in about the Permian. These fragments are thought to possibly be in South Tibet and a number of places in Southeast Asia. . Movement of these fragments has been suggested to have occurred later rather than earlier, maps in Hill (1994) show them as possible islands, and it has been assumed that most of them started rifting about 167 Ma, after the Callovian seafloor spreading event along that part of the coast of Gondwana. It is believed the fragments attached to the southeastern section of what was then the Asian continent to form Sundaland, which was a promontory. It is still in the equatorial zone. Possible 'stepping-stone' links connecting the Asian mainland with the Australian section of Gondwana are indicated on the maps in Hill (1994) as a group of hypothetical islands."

[krsnaraja]

India is a country in South Asia whose name comes from the Indus River. The name `Bharata’ is used as a designation for the country in their constitution referencing the ancient mythological emperor, Bharata, whose story is told, in part, in the Indian epic Mahabharata. According to the writings known as the Puranas (religious/historical texts written down in the 5th century CE) Bharata conquered the whole sub-continent of India and ruled the land in peace and harmony. The land was, therefore, known as Bharatavarsha (`the sub-continent of Bharata’). Homonid activity in the Indian sub-continent stretches back over 250,000 years and it is, therefore, one of the oldest inhabited regions on the planet.

Archaeological excavations have discovered artifacts used by early humans, including stone tools, which suggest an extremely early date for human habitation and technology in the area. While the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt have long been recognized for their celebrated contributions to civilization, India has often been overlooked, especially in the West, though her history and culture is just as rich.

[chimera]

An Ethiopian man was an early Christian in Acts 8:27.
" According to tradition, St. Thomas was killed at Mylapore, near Chennai, in 72 and his body was interred there. Ephrem the Syrian states that the Apostle was martyred in India, and that his relics were taken then to Edessa. This is the earliest known record of his martyrdom.
The Saint Thomas Christians in India from 52 to 1687 AD .
he Synod of Diamper and the Syrian Orthodox Mission in India; ... were converted by the Apostle Saint Thomas, who landed in India in the year 52 AD. ... "
---------------------------------------
It seems that the Bible story of the Flood influenced the Matsya Purana text (written about 500CE) about Vishnu and Manu. The events are located in Tamil Nadu.  It was known in Indonesia and is comparable with the creator legend of the main Australian rivers.
Vishnu was a giant fish-man and the Australian was a giant fish-man, and both legends have new life being formed after the water-flow .

[krsnaraja]

An ancient Australian connection to India?



An Aboriginal rock painting in Kakadu National Park of an early European ship


Way back in 1623, while on route through the Torres Strait, the Dutch explorer Jan Carstenz (or Carstenszoon) was the first to write describing the physical appearance of Indigenous Australians.
 He likened people in the north of the continent to so-called ‘Indians’ of the Coramandel of New Zealand, or Maori people of the North Island. The descriptor ‘Indian’ was used widely in those days to refer to populations across the New World, and didn’t imply any genealogical relationship with South Asians as such; that connection would be made by Thomas Henry Huxley more than two centuries later.



Huxley was by far the most influential early European thinker about human origins. Champion of Darwin’s theory of evolution, as a young man Huxley visited Australia on the HMS Rattlesnake in 1847, 11 years after Darwin came here on the HMS Beagle.
 While he showed little interest in anthropology at the time, he would subsequently go on to found human evolution science and strongly shape Darwin’s ideas about our origins. In 1870, On the Geographical Distribution of the Chief Modifications of Mankind, Huxley proposed that Indigenous Australians were closely related to the people of South Asia, confidently asserting:
 " the only people out of Australia who present the chief characteristics of the Australians in a well-marked form are the so-called hill-tribes who inhabit the interior of the Dekhan, in Hindostan."

from " theconversation "

[chimera]

krsnaraja
It's been interesting. thanks for the chat. goodbye
John